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+# Chapter 17a grammar additions
+
+The expression and statement forms are those of Chapter 16. Declarations add
+independent access and binding modifiers:
+
+```text
+declaration = type binding ("," binding)* ";"
+binding     = ("!" | "~")? identifier ("=" expression)?
+type        = ("!" | "~")? name suffix*
+suffix      = "?" | "[]" | "[~]"
+```
+
+A prefix qualifier requires a struct reference. It qualifies the named base,
+not enclosing arrays. Each bracket pair qualifies its own array layer. A binding
+modifier applies only to the following name. See the README for defaults and
+constructor initialization rules. `var`, `val`, increments, compound assignments,
+conditional expressions, and `for` loops are introduced in Chapter 17b.