From eee5b806fabae0b480ff7d41159369c5a457d014 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Cliff Click <cliffc@acm.org>
Date: Tue, 26 Nov 2024 11:01:47 -0800
Subject: Chapter 18: Functions

---
 .../com/seaofnodes/simple/SimpleWebSocket.java     | 148 +++++++++++++++++++++
 1 file changed, 148 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 src/main/java/com/seaofnodes/simple/SimpleWebSocket.java

(limited to 'src/main/java/com/seaofnodes/simple/SimpleWebSocket.java')

diff --git a/src/main/java/com/seaofnodes/simple/SimpleWebSocket.java b/src/main/java/com/seaofnodes/simple/SimpleWebSocket.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..1ce766ff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/main/java/com/seaofnodes/simple/SimpleWebSocket.java
@@ -0,0 +1,148 @@
+package com.seaofnodes.simple;
+
+import java.io.*;
+import java.net.ServerSocket;
+import java.net.Socket;
+import java.net.URI;
+import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
+import java.security.MessageDigest;
+import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
+import java.util.Base64;
+
+// Why-Oh-Why is this needed?
+
+// Pass in a URI and a port.
+// Opens the client; client has to open a websocket at the given port.
+// Connects, handshakes.
+// Thereafter you can call get/put to swap frames with client.
+
+class SimpleWebSocket extends ServerSocket {
+    final  InputStream _in;
+    final OutputStream _out;
+
+    SimpleWebSocket(URI uri, int port) throws IOException, NoSuchAlgorithmException {
+        super(port);
+        // Launch client
+        java.awt.Desktop.getDesktop().browse(uri);
+        // Look for client; get in/out streams
+        Socket sock = accept();
+        _in  = sock. getInputStream();
+        _out = sock.getOutputStream();
+
+
+        // Establish web socket with handshake; easier with a buffered reader
+        BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(_in));
+        String key = null;
+        while( br.ready() ) {
+            String line = br.readLine();
+            if( line.startsWith("Sec-WebSocket-Key: ") )
+                key = line.substring(19);
+        }
+        assert key!=null;
+        // Magic handshake
+        byte[] response = ("HTTP/1.1 101 Switching Protocols\r\n"
+                           + "Connection: Upgrade\r\n"
+                           + "Upgrade: websocket\r\n"
+                           + "Sec-WebSocket-Accept: "
+                           + Base64.getEncoder().encodeToString(MessageDigest.getInstance("SHA-1").digest((key + "258EAFA5-E914-47DA-95CA-C5AB0DC85B11").getBytes( StandardCharsets.UTF_8 )))
+                           + "\r\n\r\n").getBytes( StandardCharsets.UTF_8 );
+        _out.write(response,0,response.length);
+    }
+
+    final byte[] _ins = new byte[1024];
+    final byte[] _str = new byte[1024];
+    final byte[] _key = new byte[4];
+    int _x, _len;
+    private int rawget() { assert _x<_len; return _ins[_x++]&0xFF; }
+
+    // TODO: Flip to Direct Byte Buffer, this is just a poor-mans version
+    private void flipRead() throws IOException {
+        // Move _x to _len to offset 0
+        System.arraycopy(_ins,_x,_ins,0,(_len-_x));
+        _len = _len-_x;
+        _x=0;
+        // Read more
+        int len = _in.read(_ins,_len,_ins.length-_len);
+        if( len == -1 )
+            throw Utils.TODO(); // EOF
+        _len += len;
+    }
+    // Block until you read at least len
+    private void atLeast(int len) throws IOException {
+        if( _x+len <= _len ) return;
+        flipRead();
+    }
+
+
+    // Classic read from browser client.  Encoded, so decoded here
+    public String get() throws IOException {
+        atLeast(1);             // Need 1 byte for opcode
+        int op = rawget();
+        if( (op&0x80)!=0x80 )   // FIN bit not set?
+            throw Utils.TODO( "Multi-part from client: " + op ); // Multipart message
+        op &= 0x7F;             // Strip FIN bit
+        switch( op&15) {
+        case 1: {
+            atLeast(5);         // Min message length
+            // Message length
+            int len = rawget()-128;
+            if( len > 125 ) {
+                if( len > 126 )
+                    throw Utils.TODO(); // Multi-byte length
+                len = (rawget()<<8) | rawget();
+            }
+            atLeast(len+4);     // Rest of message
+            // Encoding key
+            _key[0] = (byte)rawget();
+            _key[1] = (byte)rawget();
+            _key[2] = (byte)rawget();
+            _key[3] = (byte)rawget();
+
+            // Decode bytes
+            for( int i=0; i<len; i++ )
+                _str[i] = (byte)(rawget() ^ _key[i & 3]);
+
+            return new String(_str,0,len);
+        }
+            // Client closes
+        case 8: return null;
+            // Ping
+        case 9:
+            // Send a PONG back.  TODO: echo PING data in the PONG
+            _out.write(0x8A); // FIN + PONG
+            _out.write(0x00); // LENGTH==0
+            return get();
+            // Not (yet) implemented: continuation frames, ping/pong
+        default:
+            throw Utils.TODO("Unexpected op from client: "+op); // Multi-part message
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Classic put to browser client.  No encoding.
+    public void put(String msg) throws IOException {
+        int len = msg.length();
+        if( len <= 125 ) {
+            _out.write(129); // FIN, opcode 1 - whole text message
+            _out.write(len);
+            for( int i=0; i<msg.length(); i++ )
+                _out.write(msg.charAt(i));
+            return;
+        }
+        if( len > 65535 )
+            throw Utils.TODO("MOAR LENGTH");
+        _out.write(129);        // FIN, opcode 1 - whole text message
+        _out.write(126);        // Length is 16b
+        _out.write(len>>>8);
+        _out.write(len&255);
+        for( int i=0; i<msg.length(); i++ )
+            _out.write(msg.charAt(i));
+    }
+
+    @Override public void close() throws IOException {
+        if( _out != null ) {
+            _out.write(0b10001000);
+            _out.flush();
+        }
+        super.close();
+    }
+}
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